获得健康
以家庭为中心的健康
The founder of 未来 Generations health research initiative, Dr. Carl E. 泰勒, studied and advocated for a “home-centered health” approach with the premise that mothers are the biggest producers of health and that the home is the focus of health production and 维护 for the family. Dr. 泰勒的研究, 始于20世纪40年代, 为1978年世界初级保健大会收集文件, 并在2010年左右的十年里继续研究怀孕史.
Children in Nepal learn to wash their face and hands.
资料来源:奥尔顿·C·拜尔斯博士.D. (National Geographic Society)
Common features include training community health workers, promoting partnerships between community and health programs, 致力于包容, adapting the program to local conditions, and fostering long-term sustainability. Community-Based Primary Healthcare encompasses a wide range of promising and low-cost approaches for reducing under-five child mortality in resource-poor settings, 特别是那些超越诊所提供基本卫生服务并与社区合作的项目.
未来.Edu的 work in CBPHC builds on the Declaration of Alma Ata in 1978, 一份开创性的文件，直到今天都为CBPHC的愿景提供了信息. 未来.Edu 已经开展了一系列研究和审查工作，以扩大证据基础并提高CBPHC的知名度. 需要加强对CBPHC在全球卫生界的潜在影响的认识. 实地站点可以作为学习中心，外联站点需要增加. Several 未来 Generations Masters students and faculty are undertaking current research into both global and US-based approaches to implementing CBPHC.
共享的历史
通常, mothers are taught health lessons which, 即使简化了, are paradigmatic and hard to remember. Dr. 劳拉Altobelli, Research Professor and Director of 未来 Generations Peru, 正在领导一项研究，以推进一种方法，改变社区卫生工作者(chw)的培训, 通过向她们认识和信任的年长女性学习，使母亲在知识和行为方面取得更快的进步.
通过系统的回忆和分享个人经历的记忆, 这种创新的行为改变方法使女性社区卫生工作者能够掌握自己的文化信仰和实践, 并在此基础上建立对未来行为的新的集体理解. CHWs gain self-confidence and can better convince other women to uptake knowledge and behavior that improve health and healthcare use in the key first 1,000 days of life (conception to age two).
Dr. Altobelli’s prior study in Peru provides preliminary evidence of reduction of child stunting when government personnel used this methodology to teach CHWs, who then taught mothers with similar methods. 早期的研究表明，这种方法成本低、易学且有效. It enhances current best practice of participatory women’s groups and home visits by providing a replicable interactive participatory method grounded in local knowledge. 研究结果证实了经验证明的记忆和行为改变的概念框架. 未来世代秘鲁希望继续研究方法，以证明这种母亲行为改变创新的有效性, with reduction in child stunting and anemia, 由初级保健服务机构和地方政府支持和维持, and incorporated into global policy and programs.
更多关于分享历史的信息:
- 〇共享历史 如何引导
- 〇共享历史 Health in Hands of Women Project
Systematic Review of Community-Based Primary Healthcare
Community health workers in Peru meet with their local facilitator (center) as part of the project Health in Hands of Women: A test of teaching methods.
In 2007, 未来世代组织了一个特别工作组，通过系统程序审查CBPHC方法的全球证据. The task force included co-chairs Drs. Carl 泰勒 and Henry Perry, along with Drs. Raj Arole和Abhay Bang. Beginning in 2007 and continuing today, 系统审查涉及115多人，包括650多篇儿童和孕产妇健康文章, affirming the effectiveness of 19 key community-based interventions. The study reviews approaches that:
- Improve the nutrition of children
- Improve perinatal and neonatal health
- Prevent and treat childhood pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria
- Expand coverage of immunizations
- 促进家庭行为的改变，如洗手和计划生育
- Prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
- Improve child health through non-health interventions
Along with 未来 Generations, the World Health Organization, 联合国儿童基金会, and the World Bank have all provided grants for this work and anticipate the findings to play an important role in guiding their funding and program policies in child health. 最终报告的标题是 社区初级卫生保健在改善儿童健康方面有多有效?
研究和促进初级保健服务的社会参与
秘鲁的共享管理计划是成功的社区变革经验之一 SEED-SCALE 方法是基于. 联合创始人博士. Carl E. 泰勒 provided orientation to Peru in 1994 at the request of their Minister of Health to design a new program for primary healthcare with community participation. SEED-SCALE was then in the process of development, 所以秘鲁项目是基于SEED-SCALE原则设计的, 同时也很快成为该方法进一步发展的证据.
秘鲁现在是少数几个拥有合法政府卫生计划的国家之一, 监管, and institutionalized community participation. A 1994 government decree gave community entities collaborative responsibility and decision-making power over the management of public resources to administer primary healthcare services. Called CLAS Associations (Local Health Administration Committees), 这些私人非盈利实体与国家签订了合同, 初级保健机构的医疗主任是公共部门的执行主任. 这一三方伙伴关系涉及政府、卫生服务机构和社区.
How does social participation reflect SEED-SCALE through CLAS? 当当地人民确定他们的需求，而不仅仅是中央计划, it improves equity and efficiency of public spending. 公民监督公共资源使用的监督作用确保了透明度，减少了资金滥用. 当公民向卫生服务提供者施压，要求他们按时上班并善待病人时，他们可以施加社会控制, and can make decisions on purchases (equipment, 维护, extra staff) to ensure better quality of care. 社会参与使地方卫生和发展项目更具可持续性. The CLAS program scaled-up rapidly to cover 32% of all 2,全国700个初级卫生保健设施，因为满意社区的口口相传. 未来 Generations was instrumental in development of a law on CLAS approved in 2007 by the Peruvian Congress that enhanced the SCALE-Cubed policy environment.
多年来，未来 Generations在进行CLAS项目研究和评估方面发挥了关键作用, preparing papers for dissemination and advocacy, and providing technical support on the CLAS program. 有关秘鲁CLAS计划的文件可通过未来世代大学的出版物图书馆获得.